Restoring old parquet floor

MoneyMagnet

We've just pulled up the old carpet in the hall, and discovered a nice wood parquet floor underneath. Unfortunately, it's a bit worse for wear, but we'd like to try restoring it.

The damage seems to be just cosmetic & the problems are:

1. A couple of areas of water/liquid damage, that have discoloured the wood.
2. There is bitumen under the floor, and it has seeped up between a few of the wood blocks.
3. There are small holes in the wood around the edges where the carpet grippers were nailed down, and also some holes elsewhere from the underlay staples.
4. The areas around the doorways are faded and a bit discoloured.

Overall though it's not in bad condition - there are no seriously damaged blocks, and it is well-laid & flat, so we don't want to pull it up & re-lay it. I'm not sure what type of wood it is - it's a kind of warm medium orangey colour, not too dark or light. We'd like to keep this colour when restoring the discoloured bits.

Does anyone have any tips for fixing the damage & getting it looking nice again? (I don't know anything about DIY, so no advice is too basic!)

Thanks